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Impeachment Hearings: House Judiciary Committee, July 29, 1974 (1/2)
[00.31.00] Mr. JENNER. Congressman Cohen, section 7212 of the Criminal Code provides expressly that attempts to interfere, attempts to obtain information with respect to income and IRS materials shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than 3 years, and then is supplemented by section 7213 which makes it unlawful for any officer or employee of the United States to divulge any of the contents of an income tax return and be fined $1,000 or imprisoned not more than I year and if the offense be by an officer or employee of the United States, he shall be dismissed from office or discharged from employment. Mr. COHEN. Shall be dismissed from office or discharged from employment- Mr. DENNIS. Would the gentleman yield? Mr. COHEN. Not yet, and I assume for purposes of this section, -we are talking about those who attempt to use this information for improper purposes and specifically refers to-to attempts, does it not? Am I correct, Mr. Jenner, that it is not necessary to have a specific act carried out as such, the actual accomplishment of the act? Would it be sufficient, for example, if the President were to direct or ask or inquire of John Dean to obtain certain information, would not the act itself or the intent come from the direction to Mr. Dean as a matter of law? Mr. JENNER. The direction would be an attempt. Mr. COHEN. And it -would not be necessary to have the particular direction completed in order to be a violation, would it? Mr. JENNER. 'That is correct. Mr. COHEN. Thank you. I would also like to direct some comments to statements made by the gentleman from California. I found those statements -were also rather amazing because on the one hand, where the gentleman from California pointed out that Henry Petersen, recommended Matt Byrne as FBI Director, in response to a question that I asked Mr. Petersen during our questioning of witnesses, asked him whether or not he felt that Matt Byrne should be contacted while be was sitting as a judge on the. Ellsberg matter, to he replied, "'No." Even though he made a personal recommendation, be specifically indicated that Matt Byrne should not be contacted during the, Course of that trial. And the answer is quite clear as to why I asked him why not, and he said-in response to my question, wouldn't this be grounds for a mistrial--he said, some, of us felt that it would. I think as a matter of law that there would be a mistrial declared upon such a disclosure. I think that the act in contacting a presiding judge on a case of that magnitude, and I find it a little bit amazing once again for Mr. Ehrlichman to say that he didn't know what the present situation was in the Ellsberg matter, this was the major case of the decade prior to our deliberations on Watergate, if you will just go back a few years. But he didn't happen to know -what was going on at that time and there was no impropriety in the conversation. I happen to feel that the position of a judge is one of the most delicate in our entire system because he has to retain an absolute and scrupulous neutrality and that neutrality is destroyed as a, matter of law in my opinion when the Chief Executive, through his subordinate or subordinates, offers a position of an FBI directorship to the judge. And I suggest to you that if the counsel for the defendant or the defendant himself in such a case offered the presiding judge or even a juror a job with his firm upon the completion of the case, that man would be held in contempt, or would be in jail, I just simply want to conclude my own remarks in this regard and I know what the gentleman from California will say, that this might preclude any Federal judge from ever achieving a higher position, but I only call the gentleman's attention to the manner in which this was carried out. There was never any publication of it. There was never any nomination or word leaked out that there - was-they were considering the judge. As a matter of fact, it was covertly carried out, a second meeting in a park near San Clemente. But it seems to me that Of all Of the allegations we have been dealing with, the Internal Revenue Service, the FBI, investigation of Daniel Schorr, the fabricated statements about what would happen, we would hire Mr. Schorr as consultant to the White House, it seems to me what we are really saying here is that all of these activities raise the faint specter of an American Gulag Archipelago. When the Chief Executive of the country starts to investigate private citizens who criticize his policies or authorize his subordinates to do such things, then I think the rattle of the chains that would bind up our constitutional freedoms can be heard and it is against this rattle that we should awake and say no. Now I yield to the gentleman from California. Mr. WIGGINS. I only wish to comment with respect to your theory that a mistrial was appropriate by reason of the contact with Judge Byrne, well let me just tell you that Judge Byrne was a participant in that contact and he doesn't agree with you. He did declare a mistrial and he should know; quite the contrary. Mr. COHEN. He didn't think anything was improper. Mr. WIGGINS. The judge disagreed with you. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman. from Maine has expired. [00.36.23]
Impeachment Hearings: House Judiciary Committee, July 29, 1974 (1/2)
[00.41.05] Mr. JENNER. I will ask-the last, Mr. Fish, is quite clear and inherent in the duty to take care. The first that you mentioned is likewise included in the President's obligation to learn what is happening with-- least in the executive agencies, and the executive institutions. You will recall that there was a good deal of testimony with respect to the President's carefully screening the news summaries he received at his desk at 8:10 every morning when be was in Washington and they were delivered to him when he was in San Clemente and in Key Biscayne according to the testimony. And that he read those and he wrote notes on them, and those news reports necessarily, because they covered TV, the, print media, magazines, were necessarily distilled by experts that he had there would bring to him what was occurring day to day throughout the country and alert him to--alert him to things about -which he should inquire with respect to executive agencies and his staff as well. Mr. FISH. Can you think of anything else in addition to these four that would constitute the responsibility -to take care that the laws are faithfully executed? Mr. JENNER. The main one I think is ,in obligation on the part of the President and an expectation of the people with respect to the President, is that he would police his immediate subordinates, not only with respect to direct directions that he had given to them but his chief A, of staff and others as to whether those irections had been carried out. Mr. FISH. I thank you. Mr. DENNIS. Will the gentleman yield to me? Mr. FISH. Yes, I will be glad to. Mr. DENNIS. I thank my friend from New York for yielding. I simply want to comment first that I don't understand that a piece of conversation to the effect that things are going to change which was what happened on September 15 is in any sense of the word an attempt. If John Dean is concerned I think he would be in serious danger about an attempt but I don't think the President would. Second--- The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from New York has expired. Mr. DENNIS. I thank you. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from California, Mr. Waldie, is recognized. Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Chairman, the past few days I think have been enormously important days for the Constitution of the United States. Whatever the ultimate result of these proceedings, whether the President be impeached or whether he be not impeached, the Constitution has been strengthened and it has peculiarly been strengthened by commencing the process of bringing into check an executive, a President who had abused his constitutionally limited powers to an extraordinary degree. Article II of these proposed articles of impeachment is in my view the heart of this process, By passage and adoption of this article, we not only tell this President we will no longer tolerate his personal excesses of power but indeed we tell any future President that the Constitution is a limiting document and that it particularly must limit Power where it is concentrated most heavily in the executive branch, the Presidency. Not many Presidents and too few Members of Congress I fear have understood this lesson. I personally believe that few Presidents have misunderstood it as grossly as this President, but in fact all Presidents have sought to grasp and accumulate power -,it the expense of the other institutions of government. I suppose it was inevitable that a, time would come when this constant accumulation of power would have to be checked and curbed and done so in a manner clearly understood, not only by the President in office at that particular moment in history but by Presidents yet to come. That duty falls first on this committee. We have begun to draw that line. We. have begun the, long overdue and the painful process of curbing the excesses of power in the executive branch. We -will forward that process, Mr. Chairman, significantly by adopting article II tonight. I yield back the balance of my time. [00.45.56]
Pssst - Here's Your Easter Bonnet
Pssst!! ---Here's Your Easter Bonnet Image is dark. A true harbinger of s-p-r-i-n-g is milady's hat. Can Easter be far behind when Paris designers stage a preview of things to come-hat-wise? Paris seems to be encouraging the return of the wide brim, although they've come up with some styles that look like crash helmets. Various styles with floral trims and netted veils. Model smoking cigarette. Another model seen amongst studio lights, blows out three around her (as if they were candles).
East Downs West In All-Star Basketball
East Downs West In All-Star Basketball Image is dark. The East jumps into an early lead- never to be overtaken - as the Eastern All-Stars defeat the West - 108 to 93. Elgin Baylor, the West's favorite son, is held to 17 points as Bill Russell hooks the East to victory. Celebrities (personalities) attending game include Doris Day, CU Pat Boone. Plays from game, good basket shot with referees in frame. CU crowd clapping, not very energetic (could be used for audience shot). Wilt Chamberlain shooting basket. CU two blonde young women, smiling and clapping energetically.
Frigid Europe: New Blizzards Hit Continent
Frigid Europe: New Blizzards Hit Continent Image is dark and hard to see. All of Britain and the Continent is suffering fresh blizzards after being in the grip of a paralyzing winter for the past four weeks. In the Netherlands, the canals are frozen, closing important arteries. In Britain the livestock must be hand fed in the fields and in Belgium ships are frozen at their piers. River Thames frozen. Men dig sheep out from snow drift. Man carries sheep down hill on shoulders. Shipping ports and harbors idle, snow covered ships and dock.
Pope Proclaims New Saint
Pope Proclaims New Saint The Roman Catholic Church proclaims a new Saint in ceremonies led by Pope John XXIII. He is Vincent Pallotti, a 19th Century priest who founded an order responsible for saving thousands of Jews during World War Two. Saint Peters. Pope John XXIII carried in procession, blesses nuns.
Democratic Rally Erases Deficit
Democratic Rally Erases Deficit The Democrats get out of debt as they celebrate President Kennedy's second year in office. A $100 admission charge wipes out the party's $800,000 deficit. Capitol Dome at night. President Kennedy and Jackie Kennedy arriving at event. Giant cake is carried out.
Khrushchev At Berlin Wall
Khrushchev At Berlin Wall Chairman Khrushchev, at the Berlin Wall, says it protects the East Germans against imperialists who have designs of East Germany. Cameramen at 'check point charlie'. Cameras on tripods lined up. Man wearing Khrushchev mask (likeness), clapping. East German guards watching. Nikita Khrushchev walking in crowd towards camera, waving.
Norge Ski Club Meet
Norge Ski Club Meet While the thermometer flirts with zero hardy snowbirds take part in the Norge Ski Club ski-jump at Fox River Grove, Illinois. When all of the frostbites are counted Gene Kotlarek is on top with 206 feet. Jumper wipes out on landing. Nice shot of spectators dressed in winter gear, including young woman wearing white fur trimmed coat and sunglasses. Winner is congratulated.
Los Angeles Track Meet
Los Angeles Track Meet General Douglas MacArthur brings peace between two warring amateur athletic bodies and they're back running at a Los Angeles meet. The women's 60-yard dash, the pole vault and the mile run are the outstanding events. General Douglas MacArthur seen with officials, and seated at head of table. Interior shots at track meet. High jump marker reads 15' 8" - jumper successfully jumps over bar onto pile of foam rubber.
Impeachment Hearings: House Judiciary Committee, July 29, 1974 (1/2)
[00.52.33] The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Ohio is--the time of the gentleman from Iowa had expired. The gentleman from New Jersey, Mr. Sandman, is recognized. Mr. SANDMAN. Mr. Chairman, I don't propose to take up the 5 minutes and I hope that we can wind this thing up as quickly as possible and as gracefully as possible. There is nothing that I can do, I am sure, that is going to change the outcome of the vote,. But I would like to use these closing moments Of this long, and what some people -will refer to as a historic exchange to capsule -where we stand in my judgment and what I think -we Should be thinking about. Now., at the outset I don't think I am the most naive person in the world, but I like to believe that every man that has ever been President 'Of the United States had to be a good man and he had to be a great man or this great country would have never voted for him to be the leader of this country. It may be a surprise to some in this room but the President I -was extremely fond of that I had the good fortune to blow as everybody in the room did was not a, Republican. It was Lyndon Johnson. And I thought it was a horrible thing during the Bobby Baker talks that some people thought, well, maybe -we ought to try to impeach LBJ. That was wrong and. I hoped it would never start. Now, anybody who feels this way, and I kind of think the country feels this way, they would like to believe their President is a pretty. good man, and to do otherwise or prove to them. otherwise, it Would, take a tremendous amount of proof to do that, and it should, tremendous. You can't do this loosely. And this is important, The whole world is watching this proceeding and -what, we. do, we had better do right because. the effect of it is going to make a precedent for 1,000, years. That is the importance of the question as I see it. And because of this it disturbs me when I try to think of some of the problems in-- involved, the Ellsberg break-in and whatnot, I think maybe we are a little bit mixed up and maybe we ought to sit down for a moment and review where we are. was on a program one time in Long Island. I walked in the room with -a very famous man, a good Democrat, Senator Muskie. He got. a pretty good hand. I am sure. no one in the audience knew -me. But 'what applause there. was, I say they did it because of him. And then behind Senator Muskie, by about 3 or 4 minutes, walked in Daniel Ellsberg, one of the panelists on our program, and believe it or not, the stadium shook and I wondered why. Why did that happen? Here is a man who confiscated secret documents and against the law of the Nation he dispersed these documents. I thought that was wrong. And I couldn't -understand why this fellow came in there like a hero. But he is, This is a strange thing happening in this country. And now as a result of that, a mistrial was declared in that case and a man who is as surely guilty as guilty can be -was never declared guilty, was never penalized and instead we now talk about impeaching the President of the United States. I think our thinking is a little fuzzy here and maybe we ought to sit down and look over that once again and make sure we are doing the right thing. Is it more popular to give away secret documents, than it is to protect the security of a great nation? I don't think so. And I would like to believe in the absence of extremely heavy proof that what the Chief Executive did he did for a good purpose, and this is why I have the strong feelings in the, direction that I have and that is why I have argued the way I have in this proceeding. I don't take my obligation here any more lightly than any other person and I believe that what hat we are doing here we -ire acting as a judiciary in a sense. We are judging whether or not the President of the United States should be replaced. We are judging the rights that he has as an individual as -well as a President and it is not in line with what at least I learned in the 20 years that I went to school that he has any less rights than any other American, and no one can ever, make me believe that due process still isn't the law of this land and it is always going to be the law of this land, And for these reasons, I think we' have to not make an inference, against the President of the United States, if anything we have to make an innocent's -- an inference--that -what he did he did in the best interests of the country. This is what I would rather believe. The, CHAIRMAN. The, time of the gentleman has expired. Mr. SANDMAN. For this season, even though it is not going to be a popular position that I have taken, I know that, I am convinced it is the, right one, or at least 1 hope it is, and and only time will tell. [00.58.09]
Love Thaws Cold War: British Lass Leaves To Meet Red Fiance'
Chi-Chi is a gal who is stepping out in the world - she's engaged. One of two Giant Pandas outside of Red China, Chi-Chi is leaving Britain for Moscow to meet An-An there. Both British and Soviet Zoologists hope that a blessed event will come about. London Chi Chi rear shot and then a front view of her sauntering along in her pen. CUS - Chi Chi's face. CUS - London's zoo curator, Henry Morris and head panda keeper, Sam Morton. CUS - Chi - Chi sitting on a log platform, bent in half sleeping. MS - Too cute for words, sleeping panda.
Fashion Parade
Skirts are on a rising market in Paris fashion marts for spring and summer --- and the severe, straight lines have a deceptive softness. Nina Ricci and Gerard Pippart have made news by not offering anything too radical. Woman wearing a suit jacket, with a belt at the waist, and just over the wrist gloves. The suit looks like woolen blend material, black and white. CUS - Model is wearing a solid skirt, enhanced by a bold striped top, waist jacket with the lining to match her top. MS - Three models standing together, all looking very smart. The other model has a belted dress and a waist long jacket to match. The inside of her jacket is lined with vertical stripes. Three models wearing sleeveless dresses, made of a silk or cotton twill, drop waist ruffle skirt. MS - The models are wearing bold printed waist less dresses, one has very bold colors and the other two are pastels. MS - Three models wearing timeless in style evening gowns, any one of them would work out today on a runway. One of the evening gowns is empire waist style, beaded top. CU - Model walks towards the camera and her evening gown has embroiled daisies on it.
17 Year Old Peggy Fleming Figure Skater
There's a new shooting star on the international skating scene. A 17 year old Miss from Colorado Springs - Peggy Gale Fleming. She walks away with the Women's World Figure Skating Championship, turning in a perfect score in the free-skating competition. Switzerland A young Peggy Fleming performing her ice skating talents on the ice, on a outdoor skating rink. High Angle Shot - People are all bundled up as they watch Peggy's flawless performance. MS - Peggy continues to skate, jump and spin. CUS - Bundled up people applauding. MS - Peggy executes a spin perfectly. High Angle Wide Shot - The crowd applauds expressing their appreciation for a beautiful performance. CUS - The press and people taking pictures. CUS - Peggy taking first place stands with two other skaters holding bouquets of roses. CUS - Peggy Fleming holding her bouquet with a beautiful back drop of Switzerland.
Is This A Straight Steer?
The bulls and broncos invade Houston's Astrodome to take on the cowboys - and, as usual, the animals have the better time of it. At that, you rarely see errorless baseball here, either. Houston, Texas Exterior shot of the Astrodome. Interior shot - Astrodome's field with cowboys and Indians riding horses. A Very High Angle Shot - The crowd sitting in the seats of the Astrodome. CU - A leg sticking out in the aisle sporting a new cowboy boot on the foot, the camera pans up and it turns out to be a little girl watching the festivities center ring. High Angle Shot - First cowboy is let out of the gate on a brahma bull. He spins and jumps around until he shakes the cowboy off his back. MS - More of the same. MS - Rodeo fans. MS - Its the broncos. This horse does not like the cowboy and its not too long before he shakes him off his back. CUS - Side profile of a little boy. MS - The camera man has some fun running the film backwards, as it turned out it was a good ride for the cowboy.